Muscle | Attachements | Nerve Supply | Actions | Special Tests |
Occipitofrontalis | O: Epicranial aponeurosis, lateral 2/3 of superior nuchal line I: Skin and subcutaneous tissue of eyebrows and forehead | — | – Elevates eyebrows – Protracts scalp | N/A |
Masseter | O: Inferior border and medial surface of zygomatic arch I: Angle of ramus of mandible | Anterior trunk of mandibular nerve | – Elevates mandible | 3 Knuckle Test |
Temporalis | O: Temporal fossa I: Coronoid process of mandible | Anterior trunk of mandibular nerve | – Elevates mandible | 3 Knuckle Test |
Lateral Pterygoid | O: Infratemporal surface, lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate I: Joint capsule of articular disc of TMJ | Anterior trunk of mandibular nerve | – Protracts mandible – Depresses chin – Swings jaw towards contralateral side | Lateral Pterygoid Length Test |
Medial Pterygoid | O: Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate, tuberosity of maxilla I: Medial surface of ramus of mandible | Anterior trunk of mandibular nerve | – Elevates mandible | Medial Pterygoid Length Test |

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