Anatomy: Upper Back

Muscles	Attachements	Nerve Supply	Actions	Special Tests
Trapezius	O: Medial 3^rd of superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinous process of C7-T12 vertebrae I: Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula	Cranial Nerve 11 C3 and C4	– Upper fibers: elevate shoulders -Middle fibers: retracts scapula – Lower fibers: rotates scapula downward	Middle Trapezius Strength Test, Upper Trapezius Strength Test
Rhomboid Major	O: Spinous process of T2- T5 I: Lower 2/3 of medial border of scapula	Dorsal Scapular Nerve	– Retracts scapula	Rhomboids Strength Test
Rhomboids Minor	O: Nuchal ligament, Spinous process of C7 – T1 I: Upper 1/3 of medial border of scapula	Dorsal Scapular Nerve	– Retracts scapula	Rhomboids Strength Test

Dylan Crake RMT